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---
title: The Mind and the Body
---
# Two views of "Mind and Body" in Early China
## Monism, Holism, Dualism
* Holism/Monism:
* There is only one fundamental principle, kind, or category of thing
* Mind-body monism
* Agreement on unity of mind and body
* Materialists: mental states are simply physical states
* Idealists: physical states are really mental states
* Dualism:
* For a given domain, there are two fundamental kinds or categories of things
or principles
## Soul as ruler of the body
## The Analects
* Has a great deal to say about the body
## We find a close alliance between the heart and spirit
* You cannot reduce the body into just the heart-mind.
# Greel views of "Mind and Body"
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