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<p><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_19" title="July 19">July 19</a></b>: <b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_New_Year" title="Islamic New Year">Islamic New Year</a></b> (2023, 1445 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">AH</a>)
</p><ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/998" title="998">998</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab%E2%80%93Byzantine_wars" title="Arab–Byzantine wars">Arab–Byzantine wars</a>: After initial <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine</a> gains at the <b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Apamea" title="Battle of Apamea">Battle of Apamea</a></b>, a lone Kurdish rider killed Byzantine commander <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damian_Dalassenos" title="Damian Dalassenos">Damian Dalassenos</a>, allowing <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatimid_Caliphate" title="Fatimid Caliphate">Fatimid</a> troops to turn the tide of the battle.</li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1843" title="1843">1843</a><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SS_Great_Britain" title="SS Great Britain">SS <i>Great Britain</i></a></b>, the first ocean-going ship with both an iron <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hull_(watercraft)" title="Hull (watercraft)">hull</a> and a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propeller" title="Propeller">screw propeller</a>, was launched in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bristol" title="Bristol">Bristol</a>, England.</li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1845" title="1845">1845</a><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_New_York_City_Fire_of_1845" title="Great New York City Fire of 1845">A fire</a></b> in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a>, New York, destroyed 345 buildings, killed 30 people, and caused at least $5 million in damage.</li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1903" title="1903">1903</a> – French cyclist <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Garin" title="Maurice Garin">Maurice Garin</a> won <b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1903_Tour_de_France" title="1903 Tour de France">the first edition</a></b> of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tour_de_France" title="Tour de France">Tour de France</a>.</li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014" title="2014">2014</a><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014_Farafra_ambush" title="2014 Farafra ambush">Gunmen perpetrated an assault</a></b> against an Egyptian military checkpoint in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libyan_Desert" title="Libyan Desert">Libyan Desert</a>, killing 22 soldiers.</li></ul>
<p><b>Births and Deaths: </b><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacopo_Tiepolo" title="Jacopo Tiepolo">Jacopo Tiepolo</a></b> (<abbr title="died">d.</abbr> 1249); <b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_Fuller" title="Margaret Fuller">Margaret Fuller</a></b> (<abbr title="died">d.</abbr> 1850); <b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Han_Sai_Por" title="Han Sai Por">Han Sai Por</a></b> (<abbr title="born">b.</abbr> 1943); <b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galina_Prozumenshchikova" title="Galina Prozumenshchikova">Galina Prozumenshchikova</a></b> (<abbr title="died">d.</abbr> 2015)</p>