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<p><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_8" title="December 8">December 8</a></b>: <b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immaculate_Conception" title="Immaculate Conception">Feast of the Immaculate Conception</a></b> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Rite" title="Roman Rite">Roman Rite Catholicism</a>); <b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bodhi_Day" title="Bodhi Day">Rōhatsu</a></b> in Japan
</p><ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1777" title="1777">1777</a> – <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a>: British commander-in-chief <b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Howe,_5th_Viscount_Howe" title="William Howe, 5th Viscount Howe">Sir William Howe</a></b> withdrew his troops from the <b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_White_Marsh" title="Battle of White Marsh">Battle of White Marsh</a></b> to Philadelphia.</li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1963" title="1963">1963</a> – After being struck by lightning while in a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holding_(aeronautics)" title="Holding (aeronautics)">holding pattern</a>, <b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pan_Am_Flight_214" title="Pan Am Flight 214">Pan Am Flight 214</a></b> crashed near <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elkton,_Maryland" title="Elkton, Maryland">Elkton, Maryland</a>, U.S., killing all 81 people on board.</li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1980" title="1980">1980</a> – English musician <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon">John Lennon</a> <b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_John_Lennon" title="Murder of John Lennon">was murdered</a></b> at the entrance of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Dakota" title="The Dakota">the Dakota</a>, his residence in New York City.</li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009" title="2009">2009</a> – <b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_2009_Baghdad_bombings" title="December 2009 Baghdad bombings">Bombings in Baghdad</a></b> carried out by the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_State_of_Iraq" title="Islamic State of Iraq">Islamic State of Iraq</a> killed at least 127 people and injured at least 448 others.</li>
<li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010" title="2010">2010</a> – The Japanese experimental spacecraft <b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKAROS" title="IKAROS">IKAROS</a> </b><i>(model pictured)</i> flew by Venus at a distance of 80,800 km (50,200 mi), completing its planned mission to demonstrate <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_sail" title="Solar sail">solar-sail</a> technology.</li></ul>
<p><b>Births and Deaths: </b><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolph_Menzel" title="Adolph Menzel">Adolph Menzel</a></b> (<abbr title="born">b.</abbr> 1815); <b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Father_Mathew" title="Father Mathew">Father Mathew</a></b> (<abbr title="died">d.</abbr> 1856); <b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicki_Minaj" title="Nicki Minaj">Nicki Minaj</a></b> (<abbr title="born">b.</abbr> 1982); <b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ann_T._Bowling" title="Ann T. Bowling">Ann T. Bowling</a></b> (<abbr title="died">d.</abbr> 2000)</p>
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